1. An increasingly common form of government, semi-presidentialism, also known as a ‘mixed’ or ‘hybrid’ form of government with a dual executive, is a distinct political system that combines the features of the two pure forms of government, presidentialism and parliamentarianism. It offers, therefore, a middle ground between the two marginal forms of constitutional design. In semi-presidentialism, a directly elected president shares executive powers with a prime minister and a cabinet (the government), which are appointed by, and collectively responsible to, the...
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