Part I History, Methodology, And Typology, Ch.5 Constitutionalism in Illiberal Polities

The idea of ‘constitutionalism in illiberal polities’ appears oxymoronic, insofar as constitutionalism is considered the antidote to tyranny, and illiberalism, its instrument.1 Walker proposed the existence of a category of ‘non-liberal constitutionalism’;2 to dismiss this as hostile to the constitutionalist enterprise is oversimplistic but unsurprising, as the dominant model of liberal constitutionalism is often treated as synonymous with constitutionalism itself.3 This occludes pre-liberal versions of ‘ancient’ constitutionalism and extant non-liberal models....