Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation (Konstitutsionnyi Sud Rossiiskoi Federatsii)

1 It was only with the Constitution of the Russian Federation: 12 December 1993 (Russ) (‘Constitution’) that Russia acquired a constitution conforming to Western standards of democracy and the rule of law. The period during which an independent body has been entrusted with ensuring that the constitution is observed has been similarly short. During the socialist era (socialism), constitutional jurisdiction in the Western sense was rejected on grounds of the principle of the unity of state power and the concentration of power within the Soviets. 2 In 1988, the...